Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ii-frequency converters ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-reactors, izihluzi, izixhasi ze-brake kunye neeyunithi ze-brake ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokusebenza kwazo, ukwandisa ubomi besixhobo, kunye nokuphepha ngokufanelekileyo iimpembelelo ezimbi kwigridi yamandla kunye nezixhobo. Le ilandelayo yimisebenzi yecandelo ngalinye kunye nezizathu zayo:

1. Iireactors
Iireactor zihlala zongezwa kwigalelo okanye kwimveliso yesiguquli samaza. Imisebenzi yabo ephambili yile:

Ukunciphisa i-harmonics kunye nokuguquguquka kwangoku: abaguquleli be-frequency baya kuvelisa i-harmonics, ngokukodwa i-harmonics ye-low-frequency harmonics (njenge-5th kunye ne-7th harmonics). Ezi zi-harmonics ziya kubangela ukuguquguquka kwangoku, kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweemoto kunye nokwandisa umthwalo kwigridi yamandla. Ii-reactors zinokucinezela ngokufanelekileyo ezi harmonics kwaye zinciphise impembelelo kwigridi yamandla kunye nezinye izixhobo.

Ukuguquguquka kwangoku okugudileyo: ii-reactors zinokunciphisa impembelelo ye-frequency converter frequency frequency kwi-current, yenza i-wave wave yangoku igudileyo, kwaye incede ukunciphisa i-harmonics yangoku yegridi yamandla.

Ukunciphisa i-overvoltage kunye ne-overcurrent: i-reactors inokunciphisa ukwenzeka kwe-overvoltage okanye i-overcurrent kwezinye iimeko, ukukhusela i-frequency converters kunye neenjini emonakalweni.

Izizathu zofakelo: ukukhusela izixhobo, ukunciphisa impembelelo ye-harmonics kwigridi yamandla kunye nezixhobo zombane, kwaye ugweme ukuguquguquka kwe-frequency ephezulu kunye neengxaki ezingaphezulu.

2. Izihluzi
Izihluzi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekupheleni kwemveliso ye-inverter. Imisebenzi yabo yile:

Ukuphelisa i-harmonics ye-high-frequency harmonics: I-high-frequency switching ingxolo eyenziwa yi-inverter inokuphazamisa i-motor kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane. Isihluzi sinokuphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo ngokuhluza ingxolo yefrikhwensi ephezulu.

Phucula indawo yokusebenza yemoto: Isihluzi sinokuphelisa impembelelo ye-harmonics ephezulu-frequency kwi-motor, ukuphepha iingxaki ezinjengokushisa, ukungcangcazela, kunye nengxolo yemoto, kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza komsebenzi wemoto.

Ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI): Isihluzi sinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, siqinisekise ukuba isixhobo siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC), kwaye siphephe ukuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezinye izixhobo zombane.

Izizathu zofakelo: Ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-high-frequency kunye ne-harmonics, ukuphucula indawo yombane yenkqubo, kunye nokukhusela i-motor kunye nezinye izixhobo ekuphazamiseni.

3. I-Braking Resistor
Izixhasi ze-Braking zidla ngokusetyenziswa kunye neeyunithi zokuqhawula. Imisebenzi yabo ephambili yile:

I-Absorb regenerative energy: Xa i-motor eqhutywa yi-inverter iyeka, inertia ejikelezayo ye-motor iya kuguqula amandla e-kinetic kumandla ombane kwaye ibuyisele kwi-inverter. Ukuba akukho manyathelo athatyathwayo, amandla okuhlaziya agqithisileyo anokubangela ukuba umbane webhasi ye-DC ubephezulu kakhulu kwaye wonakalise isiguquli. Isixhasi sokunyathela isiqhoboshi sinokufunxa la mandla agqithileyo kwaye siyiguqulele kumandla obushushu, ngaloo ndlela ithintela umbane webhasi ye-DC ekubeni uphezulu kakhulu.
Ukuphucula impembelelo ye-braking: Kwizicelo ze-motor drive enesantya esiphezulu, i-resistor ye-braking inokunceda ngokufanelekileyo i-motor ukuba ihlehlise ngokukhawuleza kwaye ithintele i-motor ekuveliseni i-reverse current ephezulu kakhulu ngenxa ye-inertia xa iyeka.
Isizathu sofakelo: Funxa amandla okuhlaziya i-motor ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-inverter kunye ne-motor, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinokuqala / ukuyeka rhoqo.

4. Iyunithi yeBraking
Iyunithi ye-braking isetyenziswe ngokubambisana ne-resistor ye-braking. Ubukhulu becala luxanduva lokulawula kunye nokulungelelanisa umsebenzi we-resistor yokuqhomfa:

Lawula amandla ombane ebhasi ye-DC: Xa i-inverter isebenza, inertia yemoto inokondla amandla amaninzi abuyele kwibhasi ye-DC, ibangele ukuba umbane webhasi unyuke. Umsebenzi weyunithi yokunyathela kukubeka iliso kumbane webhasi ye-DC. Xa i-voltage iphezulu kakhulu, ibangela ngokuzenzekelayo isixhasi sokunyathela ukuba sifunxe amandla agqithisileyo ukuthintela umbane webhasi ukuba ugqithe kumgangatho.
Ukubonelela nge-braking ekhawulezayo: Iyunithi ye-braking kunye ne-resistor isebenza kunye ukuze i-inverter isebenzise ngokukhawuleza amandla angaphezulu xa imoto iyeka okanye ibuyisela umva ibhuleki, ukunciphisa ixesha lokumisa imoto, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokulawula.
Izizathu zofakelo: Lawula umva wamandla okuhlaziya, khusela i-inverter kumbane ogqithisileyo, kwaye uqinisekise ukunyanzeliswa kwemoto ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo.

Isishwankathelo
Kusetyenziso lwenyani lwe-inverter, ukufakwa kwee-reactors, izihluzi, i-resistors ye-brake kunye neeyunithi ze-brake zinokuthi:
Ukucinezela ngokufanelekileyo i-harmonics, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezixhobo kunye neegridi zamandla.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi bokusebenza kweemoto, kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki ezinje ngokugqithiswa kwemoto, ingxolo, kunye nokungcangcazela okubangelwa yingxolo ephezulu.
Yenza ukuvuselelwa kwamandla emoto, thintela i-voltage yebhasi ye-inverter ye-DC ukuba ibe phezulu kakhulu, kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.
Ngoko ke, ukucwangciswa okufanelekileyo kwala macandelo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-inverter, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwenkqubo, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.
Xa usebenzisa i-variable frequency drive (VFD), ayizizo zonke ii-aplikeshini ezifuna ufakelo lwe-reactors, izihluzi, izixhasi ze-brake, kunye neeyunithi ze-brake. Ukuba la macandelo kufuneka afakwe kuxhomekeke kwindawo ethile yesicelo, iimfuno zenkqubo, kunye neemeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo. Nazi izizathu eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko zokongeza la macandelo:

1. Iimeko apho ii-reactors zifuneka
Ungcoliseko oluphezulu lwegridi ye-harmonic: Xa i-inverter isetyenziswa kwindawo apho iimeko zonikezelo lwamandla egridi zingazinzanga okanye igridi inongcoliseko oluqinileyo lwe-harmonic, i-reactor inokunceda ukunciphisa i-harmonics eyenziwe yi-inverter yokutshintsha i-frequency ukuphepha ukubangela ukungcola okukhulu kwigridi.
Amandla aphezulu okuguqula amandla: Ekusetyenzisweni kwee-inverters zamandla aphezulu, ngakumbi ii-inverters ezingaphezu kwe-50kW, ii-reactors zinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuguquguquka kwangoku kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo kwigridi kunye nezixhobo.
Ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwamandla ombane wegridi: Iireactors zinokucinezela ukuhla kwamandla egridi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesiguquli, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho igridi yombane ingazinzanga okanye inkeneke.
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo: ii-inverters ezinemithwalo ephezulu yamandla njengezityalo zamandla, oomatshini abanzima, kunye nemigodi; iindawo ezingqongqo zegridi yoshishino ziyafuneka.

2. Iimeko apho izihluzi zifuneka
Iingxaki zengxolo ephezulu ye-frequency kwi-motor drives: Ingxolo ephezulu yokutshintsha eveliswa sisiguquli inokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kwimoto kunye nezixhobo zombane ezingqongileyo. Ukuba isicelo sakho sifuna ukunciphisa uphazamiseko lwe-electromagnetic, okanye ukuba izixhobo zombane ezibuthathaka (ezinje ngee-PLCs, izinzwa, njl.njl.) zisebenza kufutshane, izihluzi ziyimfuneko kakhulu.
Ukuthobela iimfuno zokuhambelana ne-electromagnetic (EMC): Ukuba isixhobo sifuna ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo ye-EMC, isihluzi sinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphazamiseka kwemitha ye-electromagnetic kunye nokuqhuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yelizwe okanye yehlabathi yokuhambelana kombane.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemoto: Ukuba i-inverter iqhuba i-motor kwaye kukho iingxaki ezinjengokushisa kwemoto, ukunyuka kwengxolo okanye ukungcangcazela, isihluzi sinokunciphisa impembelelo ebangelwa yi-harmonics ephezulu.
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo: Usetyenziso oluneemfuno ezingqongqo kuphazamiseko lwe-electromagnetic, olufana nokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu, izixhobo zaselabhoratri, izixhobo zonxibelelwano, izixhobo zonyango, njl.

3. Iimeko apho kufuneka izixhasi zebrake
Iimfuno zokuqalisa/ukumiswa rhoqo okanye zokuqhobosha rhoqo: Kwiimeko apho kufuneka kuqalwe kwaye kumiswe rhoqo, amandla okuhlaziya enziwa yimoto ngenxa ye-inertia anokubangela ukuba umbane webhasi ye-DC unyuke kabukhali. Ngeli xesha, i-resistor ye-brake iyadingeka ukufunxa le nxalenye yamandla ukukhusela i-voltage ekugqithiseni umgangatho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-inverter.
Ukusetyenziswa komthwalo ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide: Ukuba umthwalo wemoto mkhulu kwaye uqhuba ixesha elide, ngakumbi xa i-motor ihla okanye imisa, inokuvelisa amandla amakhulu abuyela umva. I-resistor ye-brake inokuthintela i-motor ekuveliseni i-voltage egqithisileyo ngenxa ye-inertia.
Usetyenziso olufuna ukuvalwa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuthotywa komthwalo: Umzekelo, kwizicelo ezifana nezihambisi zebhanti kunye neelevators ezifuna ukuvalwa ngokukhawuleza, izixhasi zebrake zinokukhawulezisa ukwehla kwemoto kwaye zicuthe ixesha lokumisa.
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo: iikhreyini, amabhanti okuhambisa, oomatshini belaphu, izinyusi, iifeni kunye neempompo eziqala kwaye zime ngokukhawuleza, njl.
4. Iimeko apho iiyunithi zeziqhoboshi zifuneka
Amathuba apho amandla okuhlaziya kufuneka alawulwe: Xa i-motor kufuneka isetyenziswe kwimeko yokumisa ngokukhawuleza okanye i-reverse braking, i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC inokuba phezulu kakhulu. Iyunithi ye-brake inokubeka iliso kwaye ilawule le mbane ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayibangeli umonakalo kwi-inverter.
Amandla okuhlaziya abuyiselwa umva yimoto makhulu: Kwi-inverters yamandla aphezulu, ngakumbi kwimithwalo emikhulu ye-inertia efana neefeni, iimpompo, oomatshini abanzima, njl., amandla okuhlaziya aveliswa yi-motor inertia inkulu. Iyunithi ye-brake isetyenziselwa kunye ne-resistor ye-brake ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okuhlaziya athatyathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye aphephe ukusilela okubangelwa kumbane ogqithisileyo.
Ukusebenza phantsi komthwalo ophezulu kunye neemeko eziphezulu eziguquguqukayo: Ngokomzekelo, kwiimeko apho utshintsho lwesantya rhoqo lufunekayo (njengama-elevators kunye ne-cranes), iyunithi ye-brake inokunceda ngokukhawuleza ukusebenzisa amandla empendulo kunye nokukhusela i-inverter kunye ne-motor.
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo: Iinkqubo zokuqhuba iimoto eziguquguqukayo eziphezulu, ezifana nezinyusi, iikhreyini, abahambisi bebhanti, imigca yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo, njl.

Isishwankathelo:
La malungu adla ngokufuneka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

Xa umgangatho wegridi umpofu, i-harmonics inkulu, okanye ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage kukhulu, faka i-reactor ukukhusela i-inverter kunye negridi.

Xa kukho iimfuno ezingqongqo zokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic interference (EMI) okanye ukuguda komsebenzi wemoto kufuna ukuphuculwa, fakela isihluzi.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqala rhoqo / ukumisa okanye ukuncipha ngokukhawuleza, kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-resistor ye-brake kunye neyunithi ye-brake ukunceda ukulawula impendulo yokuvuselela amandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwe-inverter kunye ne-motor.
Ukuba la macandelo kufuneka afakwe kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zenkqubo, uhlobo lomthwalo, kunye nendawo yokusebenza. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukuqala / ukuyeka rhoqo, okanye iimfuno ezingqongqo zombane, ezi zixhobo zongezelelweyo zidla ngokuqwalaselwa.